INTRODUCTION Kalisky, Zenhausern, and Andrews (1989) distinguished two types of reading disabled individuals that seem to account for a very large percentage of these children. The Phonetic Disabled reader has difficulty converting a word to its sound and the Semantic Disabled reader has difficulty converting a word to its meaning. These are the children who struggle with every word when they read. They are frequently anomic, and suffer from a chronic "tip of the tongue". They have difficulty converting both the printed word and the concepts in their minds into words.
